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Music Societies and Circles (general)
MUSICAL SOCIETIES AND CIRCLES, official associations of music lovers with their own charters and rights to hold public concerts and other activities. There were two associations founded in the last third of the 18th century: the Music Club (1772-77)
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Naryshkin Family
NARYSHKIN FAMILY, a noble family, known since the 15th century, came to prominence after the marriage of Tsar Alexey Mikhailovich and Natalia Kirillovna Naryshkina, mother of Peter the Great, in 1671
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OBERIU
OBERIU, the Association of Real Art, a literary-theatre group (1927 to the beginning of the 1930s), D. I. Kharms, A. I. Vvedensky, N. A. Zabolotsky, D. Levin, I. V. Bakhterev, A. V. Razumovsky, Y. D. Vladimirov, K. K. Vaginov et al. were its members
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Obukhovskaya Hospital
OBUKHOVSKAYA HOSPITAL (106 Fontanka Embankment) was founded in 1779; originally it had 60 beds and included "Dolgauz,” the first psychiatric institution in the city. It was named after Obukhovsky Avenue and Bridge
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Odoevsky V.F. (1804-1869), writer and philosopher
ODOEVSKY Vladimir Fedorovich (1804-1869), prince, prose writer, philosopher, critic, and musician promoted to Actual Civil Counsellor in 1845, Chamberlain in 1858, and Presiding Senator in 1865
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Odoevsky's Salon
ODOEVSKY'S SALON, literary and music salon held by V. F. Odoevsky in 1830-40s. Situated in his flats at 1 Moshkovy Lane in 1826-39, in the area of 37 Fontanka River Embankment in 1840-41, and 2/36 Liteiny Avenue in 1842-46
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Old Believers
OLD BELIEVERS, a sect within the Orthodox Church consisting of those people who rejected the reforms of Patriarch Nikon in the middle of the 17th century and preserved the "old" ceremonies and traditions. Old Believers began settling in St
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Olenin A.N., (1763/64-1843), Historian, Artist, Statesman
OLENIN Alexey Nikolaevich (1763 or 1764-1843, St. Petersburg) statesman, archaeologist, philologist, graphic artist, member of the Russian Academy (1786), honorary member of the Academy of Arts (1804), president of the Academy of Arts (1817-43)
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Ostrovskogo Square
OSTROVSKOGO SQUARE known as Alexandrinskaya Square before 1923, between Nevsky Prospect and Zodchego Rossi Street. It was renamed after playwright A. N. Ostrovsky (1823-86). The square was designed by architect K. I
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Ott Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
OTT INSTITUTE OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, a research institute situated at 3 Mendeleevskaya Street. It was founded in 1797 on the initiative of Empress Maria Fedorovna as the Midwifery Institute named the Imperial Midwifery Institute from 1828
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Page Corps
PAGE CORPS (The Imperial Page Corps), a closed privileged military educational institution, which trained pupils for court, military and civil service. It was based in 1759 as a court school for the preparation of pages (situated at 33 Millionnaya
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Panaev I. I. (1812-1862), writer, journalist
PANAEV Ivan Ivanovich (1812, St. Petersburg - 1862.), prose writer, poet, journalist. In 1830 graduated from the Boarding School for Nobles of the Petersburg University. From 1831-44 was in the government service
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Panteleev L. (1908-1989), writer
PANTELEEV L. (real name Eremeev Alexey Ivanovich) (1908, St. Petersburg - 1989, Leningrad), writer. He was born at 140 Fontanka River Embankment (the building has not been preserved) in the family of an officer, who was granted a hereditary title
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Patronage of Art (entry)
PATRONAGE OF ART is disinterested financial and other forms of participation in the culture, science, and assistance to figures of science and culture. The beginning for patronage of art in St
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Pavements
PAVEMENTS have been built in St. Petersburg since the early 18th century. The first pavements were made of boards, later various paving materials were applied, including planks, cobblestones, asphalt, woodblocks, granite, metal, road metal (pebbles)
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Pawnshops (entry)
PAWNSHOPS, credit institutions granting loans against movable property. The first pawnshops were founded in St. Petersburg in 1729 as Emperor Peter the Great commanded that the Mint Office should grant interest-bearing loans against gold and silver
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Pestel P.I., (1793-1926), Decembrist
PESTEL Pavel Ivanovich (1793-1826, St. Petersburg), Decembrist, colonel. In 1810-11 studied at Page Corps. Took part in the Patriotic War of 1812 and foreign campaigns of 1813-14
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Pestelya Street
PESTELYA STREET known as Panteleimonovskaya Street until 1923, between Fontanka River Embankment and Radishcheva Square. The street was named after P. I. Pestel
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Petipa М.I., (1818-1910), choreographer
PETIPA Marius Ivanovich (1818-1910), French ballet dancer, choreographer, and teacher. He studied under his father J. Petipa and A. Vestris. Invited to St. Petersburg as a mime dancer in 1847, he danced until 1869. A teacher in St
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Poets Guild
POETS GUILD is the name for three poetic unions which existed in St. Petersburg (Petrograd) in 1911-22. The first Poets Guild (1911-14) founded by N. S. Gumilev and S. M
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Political Parties (entry)
POLITICAL PARTIES, groups of people united by political opinions and goals fixed in party documents; possessing certain membership requirements, internal structure and types of activities stated in the regulations; relying on a certain social base
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Polonsky Ya. P. (1819-1898), poet
POLONSKY Yakov Petrovich (1819-1898, St. Petersburg), poet and prose writer, Associate of St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1886). He graduated from the Faculty of Law of Moscow University in 1844. Polonsky lived in St. Petersburg from 1851
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Prisons (entry)
PRISONS. The first prison in St. Petersburg (Convict gaol, or Convict yard, until 1732 under the jurisdiction of the Admiralty) was built in 1706 in the area of present-day Truda square
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Public Halls (entry)
PUBLIC HALLS, a special premise for informal mass events. The first public hall was arranged in banker A.A. Ral's house (On the Moika River Embankment, beside Red Bridge; not preserved)
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Punin N.N., (1888-1953), art historian
PUNIN Nikolay Nikolaevich (1888-1953), art theorist, historian, and museum worker. He lived in Pavlovsk and Tsarskoe Selo from the early 1900s. In 1907-14, he studied at the law faculty and faculty of history and philosophy of Petersburg University
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Pushkin Alexander Sergeevich (1799-1837), poet
PUSHKIN Alexander Sergeevich (1799-1837, St. Petersburg), poet, prose writer, playwright, historian, journalist. Studied at the Imperial Lyceum at Tsarskoe Selo (1811-17; memorial plaque; presently a memorial museum)
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Pushkin Centre
PUSHKIN CENTRE, State Pushkin Theatre Centre in St. Petersburg (41 Fontanka River Embankment), theatre and publishing organisation established in 1992 by the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation
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Pylyaev M.I. (1842-1899), expert of regional ethnography
PYLYAEV Mikhail Ivanovich (1842, St. Petersburg - 1899, the same city) writer and journalist. He received no systematic education, but attended lectures at Kharkov University and abroad
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Reference and Standard Plans (entry)
REFERENCE AND STANDARD PLANS. Used since St. Petersburg's first founding years to erect residential and service buildings. Because of a lack of materials, in the 1700s-10s, most cottages were from plastered bricks or logs
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Repina Square
REPINA SQUARE (in the middle of the 19th century - Kalinkinskaya Square), between Rimskogo-Korsakova Avenue and embankments of the Fontanka River and Griboedova Canal
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Rossi C.I. (1775-1849), architect
ROSSI Carl Ivanovich (Carlo Giovanni) (1775-1849, St. Petersburg), architect. The son of the court ballerina G. Lepik. Graduated from the Peterschule in St. Petersburg, apprenticed architecture with V
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Rubinsteina Street
RUBINSTEINA STREET (from 1739 - Golovin Lane, after house-owner Count F.A. Golovin; from 1798 - Troitsky Lane, after the Metochion of Holy Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius located at 44 Fontanka River Embankment, in 1887-1929 Troitskaya Street)
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Rusca L.I. (1762-1822), architect
RUSCA Luigi (Aloizy Ivanovich) (1762-1822), architect, representative of late Neoclassicism. Court architect (1802), honorary associate of the Academy of Arts (1815). Of Swiss origin, he studied in Italy. In 1783, he came to St
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Russian Academy
RUSSIAN ACADEMY, a research centre for studying Russian language, literature and history. It was established in St. Petersburg in 1783. It specialized in compiling concise and specialised dictionaries
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Russian National Library
RUSSIAN NATIONAL LIBRARY (RNB) (18 Sadovaya Street), the oldest state general public library of the country, a research centre in the field of bibliology, bibliography and library science
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Russian Style
RUSSIAN STYLE. A trend in Russian architecture of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century, based on using methods and shapes of ancient and traditional Russian art and architecture. The Russian style emerged out of the aesthetics of Romanticism
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Savings Banks (entry)
SAVINGS BANKS, credit institutions attracting savings and idle funds from the public as their major function. It was on the initiative of Count M. Y. Vielgorsky and I. D. Chertkov that the articles of the first savings bank were worked out
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Schaub V.V., (1861-1934), architect.
SCHAUB Vasily Vasilyevich (1861, St. Petersburg - 1934, Leningrad), architect, Member of the Academy of Architecture (1892). Graduated from the Academy of Fine Arts (1885). He was an architect for insurance societies and charitable institutions
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Schreter V. A. , (1839-1901), architect
SCHRETER Viktor Alexandrovich (1839-1901), architect, lecturer, representative of the transitional rationalistic style from Eclecticism to Art Nouveau. In 1856-58, studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in the class of L.L
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Sects (entry)
SECTS, religious associations, which do not belong to any of the worldwide religious confessions. A considerable group is comprised of Protestant sects. The most numerous sect of St. Petersburg before 1917 were Evangelical Christian Baptists
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Semenova E.S., (1786-1849), actress
SEMENOVA Ekaterina Semenovna (married name Princess Gagarina) (1786 - 1849, St. Petersburg), actress. Graduated from the Petersburg Drama School (1805). Made her debut on the professional stage in 1803
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Semenovskaya Square, architectural ensemble
SEMENOVSKAYA SQUARE, located at the intersection of Gorokhovaya Street and Fontanka River Embankment, near Semenovsky bridge. The dimensions and configuration of the bridge square consisting of two parts (rectangular on the right bank of the
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Sheremetev Family
SHEREMETEV FAMILY, noble family, known since the 14th century (in 1706, the senior branch of the family was conferred the title of Counts). Several family members are closely connected with St. Petersburg
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Sheremetev Palace
Sheremetev Palace (Fountain House) (34 Fontanka River Embankment), monument of Baroque architecture, family residence of the Sheremetev Counts. The lot was granted in 1712, by Tsar Peter the Great to Field Marshall, Count B.P
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Shuvalov Family
SHUVALOV FAMILY, nobles and counts (since 1746), known since the 16th century. I.I. Shuvalov was a favourite of Empress Elizaveta Petrovna's. His brothers were Alexander Ivanovich Shuvalov (1710-71), a Count (1746), statesman
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Shuvalov (Naryshkin) Palace
SHUVALOV (NARYSHKIN) PALACE (21 Fontanka River Embankment), a 19th century architectural monument. The left part of the existing building was constructed in the 1780s in Neoclassical style (unknown architect) for Count I.I. Vorontsov
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Sluchevsky K.K. (1837-1904), poet
Sluchevsky Konstantin Konstantinovich (1837, St. Petersburg - 1904) poet, staff master. Graduated from the First Cadet Corps in St. Petersburg (1855); he served in the Semenovsky Lifeguard Regiment, resigned in 1860
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Smena (The New Generation), newspaper
SMENA (The New Generation), founded as the newspaper of the workers' and peasants' youth by the provincial committee of the Revolutionary Communist Youth League
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Smezhny Bridge
SMEZHNY BRIDGE (Soedinitelny or Kryukov Bridge), across Kryukov Canal, on Fontanka River Embankment. It was built in the late 18th - early 19th centuries in the shape of a three-span bridge with wooden framework, replaced with metal in 1888
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Society of Architects, Petersburg
SOCIETY OF ARCHITECTS St. Petersburg, a creative association. Originated from the circle of capital architects and civil engineers, established in 1862 on the initiative of the V.A. Schreter
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Solovyev-Sedoy V.P., (1907-1979), composer
SOLOVYEV-SEDOY (real last name Solovyev) Vasily Pavlovich (1907, St. Petersburg - 1979, Leningrad), composer, People's Artist of the USSR (1967), Hero of Socialist Labour (1975). Graduated from the Leningrad Conservatory studying composition under P
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Solyanoy Settlement
SOLYANOY (SALT) SETTLEMENT, a complex of buildings in the central part of St. Petersburg on the ground between Fontanka River Embankment, Solyanoy Lane, Pestelya Street and Gangutskaya Street
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Sovremennik (Contemporary), journal
SOVREMENNIK (The Contemporary), a literary (from 1859 literary and political) journal, founded by Alexander Pushkin, who published the first four issues under his editorship (re-printed in 1988), appeared in 1836-66 (until 1843 - four times a year
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Speransky M.M. (1772-1839), statesman
SPERANSKY Mikhail Mikhailovich (1772-1839, St Petersburg), Count (1839), statesman, Actual Privy Counsellor (1827), Honorary Member of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1819), full member of the Russian Academy (1831)
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State Bank
STATE BANK established in 1860 for the resuscitation of business and the consolidation of monetary and credit systems. The bank was located at 21 Sadovaya Street; it took deposits, set up accounts, provided short-term credit and loans
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Steklov Mathematical Institute of the Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg Branch
STEKLOV MATHEMATICAL INSTITUTE of the Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg Branch, situated at 27 Fontanka River Embankment. It originates from the Institute of Physics and Mathematics founded by V. A. Steklov in 1921
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Stolypin P.A. (1862-1911), statesman
STOLYPIN Peter Arkadievich (1862-1911), statesman, chamberlain (1906). Graduated from the Physics and Mathematics Faculty of Petersburg University (1885). In 1884-89, he served St Petersburg's Department of Internal Affairs
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Strepetova P.A., (1850-1903), actress
STREPETOVA Pelageya (Polina) Antipievna (1850-1903), actress. Her performances in Kazan (1871) and Moscow exposed her talent for tragedy and made her famous. Strepetova, who invested her characters with the spirit of social protest
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Suvorin А.S. (1834-1912), publisher
SUVORIN Alexey Sergeevich (1834-1912, St. Petersburg), publicist, writer, publisher. Suvorin completed special courses of the Noblemen Regiment (1853), and from 1863 when he settled in St
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Tchaikovskogo Street
Tchaikovskogo STREET, from Fontanka River Embankment to Potemkinskaya Street. The street was laid in the first half of the 18th century and originally called Second Artilleryskaya Street, sometimes also referred as Second Pushkarskaya Street
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