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Nobel Family, entrepreneurs
NOBEL FAMILY, entrepreneurs from Sweden. Emmanuel Nobel (1801-72), a professor of descriptive geometry and engineering at Stockholm Technological Institute, came to Russia in 1837, and his family moved to St. Petersburg in 1842
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Nobles
NOBLES, a social group within the St. Petersburg population. Nobility was a strict class that was divided by inheritance, and those who had received their title by merit for service (without the right to pass on their title through inheritance)
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Northern Cable, the factory
Northern Cable (40 Kozhevennaya Line) was an open joint-stock company, the oldest factory in the country dealing in design and manufacturing of cable and conductors, mainly of complicated design
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Novo-Admralty Canal
NOVO-ADMIRALTY CANAL (New Admiralty Canal) flowing from the confluence of the Moika River and the Admiraly Canal to the Bolshaya Neva was dug in the first quarter of the 18th century
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Novo-Kamenny Bridge
NOVO-KAMENNY BRIDGE (also known as Vodoprovodny; Yamskoy, after Yamskaya Sloboda; Bolshoy Karetny; Granitny), over Obvodny Canal, at Ligovsky Avenue. The bridge was built in 1817-21 (engineer P.P
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Novo-Moskovsky Bridge
NOVO-MOSKOVSKY BRIDGE, over Obvodny Canal, along the line of Moskovsky Avenue. The bridge was built in 1808-1816 (architect V.I. Hastie), the span was covered by cast-iron tubbing vaults and rubble abutments faced with granite
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Novodevichy Convent
NOVODEVICHY CONVENT OF HOLY RESURRECTION, located at 100 Moskovsky Avenue. An architectural monument. It was established in 1845 by order of Emperor Nicholas I, who decided to recreate the abolished Smolny Convent on a new location
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Novodevichye Cemetery
NOVODEVICHYE CEMETERY (100 Moskovsky Avenue). Situated in the southern part of St. Petersburg. Founded in 1845, for the Novodevichy Convent; burials lasted from 1849 to the 1930s. Its area includes 10 hectares
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Novoe vremya (The New Time), newspaper, 1868-1917
NOVOE VREMYA (The New Time), a political and literary newspaper, which appeared in 1868-1917. In 1876 A. S. Suvorin took over the publishing and turned Novoe Vremya into one of Russia's most popular newspapers, with a circulation reaching 60
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Novosmolenskaya Embankment
NOVOSMOLENSKAYA EMBANKMENT known as Oktyabrskaya Embankment in 1976-87 and Smolenka River Embankment in 1987-89. It was laid downstream the Smolenka River along both banks of the straightened riverbed between Nalichnaya Street and Morskaya
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Nyenschantz
NYENSCHANTZ (the Swedish name for a fortification on the Neva; called Kantsy in Russian). A Swedish fortress and the town Nyen on the cape at the confluence of the Okhta River and the Neva River
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Obukhovskaya Hospital
OBUKHOVSKAYA HOSPITAL (106 Fontanka Embankment) was founded in 1779; originally it had 60 beds and included "Dolgauz,” the first psychiatric institution in the city. It was named after Obukhovsky Avenue and Bridge
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Obukhovsky Plant
OBUKHOVSKY PLANT (129 Obukhovskoy Oborony Avenue), one of the largest defense sector companies of the country. Founded by engineers P. M. Obukhov and N. I. Putilov and merchant S. G
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Obvodny Canal
OBVODNY CANAL flows from the Neva River in the area of Alexander Nevsky Lavra to the Ekaterinhofka River (8.08 km long, 21.3 meters wide and 42.6 meters wide in its eastern part)
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October General Political Strike of 1905
GENERAL POLITICAL STRIKE OF OCTOBER 1905 was part of the All-Russian October political strike held under the slogans of overthrowing autocracy and demanding democratic liberties
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October Revolution (October Armed Revolt) of 1917
OCTOBER REVOLUTION (OCTOBER ARMED REVOLT) of 1917, the name accepted in Soviet historical literature of the events in Petrograd of 24 -26 October (6 -8 November) 1917
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Officer Aeronautic School
OFFICER AERONAUTIC SCHOOL, a military school providing training for aeronautic officers and aviators. It was established in September 1910 on the basis of the Training Aviation Field with Major General A. M. Kovanko at the head
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Officers' House
OFFICERS’ HOUSE (20 Liteyny Avenue), a cultural educational establishment of the Russian Federation Ministry of Defence, and professional military servicemen’s club. Founded in 1918 as the Red Army House, it was given the name of S.M
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Oktyabrskaya Hotel
OKTYABRSKAYA HOTEL (until the 1890s, Znamenskaya Hotel, then through 1918, Bolshaya Severnaya Hotel; 10 Ligovsky Ave). The main building (118 Nevsky Prospect) was constructed at the same time as the Moscow Railway Station (architect N.E. Tfimov)
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Oktyabrskaya Railway
OKTYABRSKAYA RAILWAY runs across Leningrad, Vologda, Moscow, Murmansk, Novgorod, Pskov, and Tver Regions and the Republic of Karelia. The total length of the network is 10.4 thousand km. The company office is located in St
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Old Peterhof
OLD PETERHOF, the name of a part of Petrodvorets west of the Angliisky Park; also a railway station along the Saint Petersburg-Lomonosov line. In the 1970-80s, an academic training facility and one of Saint Petersburg State University's campuses
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Olenin A.N., (1763/64-1843), Historian, Artist, Statesman
OLENIN Alexey Nikolaevich (1763 or 1764-1843, St. Petersburg) statesman, archaeologist, philologist, graphic artist, member of the Russian Academy (1786), honorary member of the Academy of Arts (1804), president of the Academy of Arts (1817-43)
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Omnibus
OMNIBUS (lat. omnibus - for all), a multi-seater horse-powered vehicle, the first public city route of trackless transportation. First omnibuses started operating in the summer of 1830, running from St
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Opening of the Neva River for Navigation
OPENING OF THE NEVA RIVER FOR NAVIGATION, an official holiday from the beginning of the 18th - beginning of the 20th century, celebrating the Neva's clearing from ice and the beginning of the Neva Shipping
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Oranienbaum, palace and park ensemble
ORANIENBAUM, a palace and park ensemble (Lomonosov town) that started to form during the first quarter of the 18th century, when the country estate of A.D. Menshikov appeared on the coast of the Gulf of Finland 44 kilometres from St. Petersburg
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Oranienbaum, Park Museum
ORANIENBAUM, PARK MUSEUM, state in the town of Lomonosov, was established in 1918 in the territory of the palace and park ensemble of the same name. Oranienbaum was opened to visitors in 1922. The museum got its present-day name in 1993
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Orbeli L.A., (1882-1958), physiologist
ORBELI Leon (Levon) Abgarovich (1882-1958), physiologist, member (1935) and vice-president (1942-46) of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, member of the Academy of Sciences of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (1943)
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Orlov Family
ORLOV FAMILY, nobles, counts and princes, known since the 17th century. Brothers Grigory, Vladimir, Alexey and Fedor Orlov took an active part in the take-over of 28 June 1762
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Orlovsky Park (Strelna)
ORLOVSKY PARK is a landscape park following English traditions. It was laid out in the first half of the 19th century (architect P. S. Sadovnikov) in the estate of Count A. F. Orlov in Strelna
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Orphanages (entry)
ORPHANAGE for children, charitable educational institutions established in 1837-1917, offering 24-hour or day only shelter and primary education for poor children from 3 to 10 years of age
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