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Capital

CAPITAL. St. Petersburg was the capital of Russia from the 1710s until 10-11 March 1918. The city's status as capital came quite spontaneously, and was mostly due to Tsar Peter the Great's having settled there

Carrousels (merry-go-rounds)

CARROUSELS (MERRY-GO-ROUNDS), 1) popular amusement, device for riding at open-air festivites (also known as a “wheeling machine”). In St. Petersburg they were organised from the early 18th century on

Case of Pupils of the Lyceum

CASE OF PUPILS OF THE LYCEUM was fabricated by the organs of Joint State Political Administration Board in 1925 against the group of graduates of Alexandrovsky Lyceum who were accused of creating an organization aiming to overthrow the Soviet power

Cathedral of Prince St. Vladimir

CATHEDRAL OF PRINCE ST. VLADIMIR, (Dobrolyubova Avenue, 26 Blokhina Street), an architectural monument in a transitional style from Baroque to Classicism. The Cathedral is located on the so-called mokrushi, soggy, regularly flooded lowland

Cathedral of the Renewal of the Jerusalem Holy Resurrection Temple

CATHEDRAL OF THE RENEWAL OF THE JERUSALEM HOLY RESURRECTION TEMPLE, Smolny Сathedral, the Cathedral For All Educational Establishments, located at 1 Rastrelli Square. Monument of Baroque architecture

Catherine I (1684-1727), Empress

CATHERINE I (nee Marta Skavronskaya) (1684-1727, St. Petersburg), Empress (crowned in 1721), the second wife of Tsar Peter the Great (from 1712), mother of Empress Elizaveta Petrovna. After the death of her husband (1725) she was enthroned by A.D

Catherine II (1729-1796), Empress

Catherine II (1729-1796, St. Petersburg), Empress (from 1761), wife of Emperor Peter III (1745). Nee Sophie Augusta Frederica of Anhalt-Zerbst. Lived in St. Petersburg from 1744, coming to power by dethroning her husband (1762)

Catherine II the Great, Alekseyevna (1729-1796, St. Petersburg), Empress

Catherine II the Great, Alekseyevna (1729-1796, St. Petersburg), Empress from 1761. Nee Sophie Friederike Auguste, Princess von Anhalt-Zerbst . In 1744 she came into Russia being the bride of the Heir Grand Duke Peter Fiodorovich (the future

Catherine II, Monument to

CATHERINE II, MONUMENT TO. Erected on Alexandrinskaya Square (from 1923, called Ostrovskogo Square) in front of the Alexandrinsky Theatre on 24 November 1873. The artist M.O. Mikeshin started work on the plans in 1860

Catherine Palace (Town of Pushkin)

CATHERINE PALACE (Town of Pushkin), an architectural monument of the Baroque period, compositional centre and dominating architecture of the park and palace ensemble of Tsarskoe Selo

Catherine Park (Pushkin town), ensemble

CATHERINE PARK (Pushkin town), a monument of landscape architecture and the central part of Tsarskoe Selo palace ensemble. Its consists of a total of 107 hectares The park consists of a grassed and a landscape areas, divided by the Great Pond

Cavalier Guards Regiment

CAVALIER GUARDS REGIMENT, Guards Cuirassier Regiment, formed in St. Petersburg on 11 January 1800 from the Cavalier Guards Corps, which existed intermittently from 1724 through 1797

Cavalry Life Guards Regiment

CAVALRY LIFE GUARDS REGIMENT, cavalry guard regiment, formed in 1730 as Cavalry Guards out of the Kronschlott Dragoon Regiment, whose history dates back to 1706. From the 1780s, known as Cavalry Life Guards Regiment

Cavos A.K. (1800-1863), architect.

CAVOS Albert Katarinovich (1800, St. Petersburg - 1863, Peterhof), architect, representative of the late Neoclassicism of Italian descent. A son of C. A. Cavos. He studied at the University of Padua (Italy) under the guidance of C. I. Rossi

Cavos C.А., (1775-1840), composer

CAVOS Catarino Albertovich (1775-1840, St. Petersburg), composer, bandmaster, and teacher. He studied under F. Bianchi in Incurabile Conservatory, Venice. Living in St. Petersburg from 1798, he served in the Board of Imperial Theatres

Cell Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of

CELL BIOLOGY of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of, located at 4 Tikhoretsky Avenue, is the main scientific research institution for studying cell biology. It was established in 1957 on the initiative of D. N

Cemeteries (entry)

CEMETERIES. Even before the foundation of St. Petersburg there were several necropolises on the location of the future city: the records of the beginning of the 18th century indicate a Finnish-Swedish cemetery at Elagin (Aptekarsky) Island

Cemeteries to the Victims of Repression

CEMETERIES FOR THE VICTIMS OF REPRESSION, places of mass burial of the victims of political repressions in Petrograd - Leningrad. In 1918-53, Petrograd -Leningrad VChKa (All-Russian Extraordinary Commission, more commonly known as the Cheka)

Cemetery Churches (entry)

CEMETERY CHURCHES built in municipal cemeteries from the middle of the 18th century. In 1759-1760, the wooden Church of Our Lady of Smolensk was erected at the Smolensk Orthodox Cemetery (see Smolenskoe Cemeteries); in 1756-1759

Central Duma

CENTRAL DUMA (Central City Duma) is the elected organ of city self-government. It was set up by the Provisional Government after the February revolution of 1917, dealing with the same problems as the previous City Duma

Central Military and Naval Museum

MILITARY AND NAVAL MUSEUM, Central Museum of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation (4 Birzhevaya Square), one of Russia's oldest museums. It was founded by Tsar Peter the Great in 1709 as Model Chamber

Central Police Office

CENTRAL POLICE OFFICE, the city administration body of St. Petersburg in the 18th century. It was instituted attached to Petersburg Chief of Police General according to the decree on city police establishment issued on June 7, 1718

Central Regional Studies Bureau

CENTRAL REGIONAL STUDIES BUREAU (CRSB) was a public organization coordinating regional studies in the country. Central Regional Studies Bureau was created in 1922 by the decision of the 1st All-Russian Conference of Scientific Societies for Regional

Central Research Institute of Robotics and Engineering Cybernetics

CENTRAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ROBOTICS AND ENGINEERING CYBERNETICS, located at 21 Tikhoretsky Avenue, was established in 1961 as the Experimental-Design Bureau of Engineering Cybernetics at Leningrad Polytechnic Institute

Central Scientific Research Institute of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine

CENTRAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE (70/4 Leningradskaya Street, village of Pesochny) was established in 1918 as a medico-biological department of the State Institute of X-ray Technology and Radiology

Central St. Petersburg State Historical Archive

CENTRAL ST. PETERSBURG STATE HISTORICAL ARCHIVE (18 Pskovskaya Street) was founded in 1936 as Leningrad Regional Historical Archive, in 1941 it was renamed the Leningrad State Regional Historical Archive

Centrobalt (Baltic Fleet Central Committee)

CENTROBALT (Baltic Fleet Central Committee), elected body, set up on 28-30 April (11-13 May).1917 in Helsingfors (Baltic Fleet headquarters). The first membership of Centrobalt included 33 people; the chairman was Bolshevik P.E. Dybenko

Chabukiani V.M., (1910-1992), choreographer

CHABUKIANI Vakhtang Mikhailovich (1910-1992), ballet dancer, choreographer, pedagogue, People's Artist of the USSR (1950). Upon graduating from the Leningrad School of Choreography, where he had studied under V.I

Chaev Mansion

CHAEV MANSION (9 Rontgen Street). An Art Nouveau architectural monument. Erected in 1906-1907 (architect V.P. Apyshkov) for the S.N. Chaev, engineer of communication routes

Chaliapin F. I. Memorial Flat

CHALIAPIN F. I. MEMORIAL FLAT (2b Graftio Street) is a branch of the Museum of Theatre and Music Art. The Chaliapin F. I. Memorial Flat was opened in 1975 in the flat where F. I. Chaliapin lived in 1914-22