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Persons / Peter I, Emperor
Mentioned in articles (11)
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Kuzmin R.I. (1811-1867), architect

KUZMIN Roman Ivanovich (1811-1867, St. Petersburg), architect. In 1826-32, he studied at the Academy of Arts, in 1834-40 studied in Europe. In 1840, he was elected a Fellow of the Academy; from 1841, he had been active as a professor of architecture

Lakhta, locality

LAKHTA, a landmark northwest of Saint Petersburg, on the northern coast of the Gulf of Finland, in the vicinity of a cognominal railway station and Lake Lakhta; neighbours Olgino on the West, and Staraya Derevnya on the East

Landings, Water (entry)

LANDINGS, WATER. Ship landings were present in St. Petersburg from the first years of its existence. Their location depended on the location and orientation of storage warehouses

Lansere N.E. (1879-1942), architect

LANSERE Nikolay Evgenyevich (1879, St. Petersburg -1942), architect and graphic artist, architectural historian and teacher. He was the brother of E.E. Lansere and Z.E. Serebryakova

Le Blond J.B. (1679-1719), architect.

LE BLOND Jean-Baptiste Alexander (1679-1719, St. Petersburg), French architect, expert on the theory and practice of landscape art, and engineer. In 1716, he came to St

Libraries (entry)

LIBRARIES. The first library of St. Petersburg was founded in 1714 by the decree of Tsar Peter the Great as His Majesty’s Library; later on, it formed the basis of the Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences

LIBRARY OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (BAN) (1 Birzhevaya Line), founded in 1714 by the decree of Peter the Great as His Majesty’s Library (also called public and state library)

Life Company

LIFE COMPANY, a separate extra-privileged guard unit. Ordered by Empress Elizaveta Petrovna in 1741, formed of the Grenadier Company of the Preobrazhensky Life Guard Regiment. The company assisted her seizure of the throne on 25 November 1741

Ligovo, village

LIGOVO, a historical district in the south-west of St. Petersburg, between Peterhofskoye Highway, Marshala Zhukova Avenue, Baltiiskaya Railway Line and the Ivanovka River

Likhachev D.S., (1906-1999), literary historian

LIKHACHEV Dmitry Sergeevich (1906 - 1999, St. Petersburg), philologist and cultural historian, Fellow of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1970), Hero of Socialist Labor (1986), Honorary Citizen of St

Lisy Nos, settlement

LISY NOS, a settlement on the northern coast of the Gulf of Finland; municipal unit of the Primorsky Administrative District, former urban settlement (from 1948); also the name of a train station 25 kilometres away from Saint Petersburg

Liteiny Avenue

LITEINY AVENUE [in 1918-44 - Volodarskogo Avenue, after revolutionary V. Volodarsky (1891-1918)], between Liteiny Bridge and Nevsky Prospect. In 1711, a foundry was founded at the beginning of future Liteiny Avenue; later, houses of craftsmen

Lomonosov M.V. (1711-1765), scientist, poet

LOMONOSOV Mikhail Vasilievich (1711-1765), scientist, poet, enlightener. He came from a prosperous family based by the White Sea. In 1731-35 he studied in Moscow, from 1736 in the Academic University of St

Lower Park (Petrodvorets)

LOWER PARK forms the main part of the Peterhof Palace and Park Ensemble, located on an area adjacent to the Gulf of Finland which is actually lower than sea level, hence its name. The total area of the park is 102

Makarova Embankment

MAKAROVA EMBANKMENT (until 1887 - Malaya Neva River Embankment, until 1952 - Tuchkova Embankment), between Birzhevaya Square and Smolenka River Embankment, on Vasilievsky Island, on the left bank of the Malaya Neva. The embankment was named after S

Masquerades

MASQUERADES, masquerade balls. A sort of a carnival where people wear masks. In Russia masquerades were put into practice by Tsar Peter the Great in the early 18th century (the larks of Drunkumenical Council

Matisov Island

MATISOV ISLAND situated between the Bolshaya Neva River, Moika River, and Pryazhka River. It is 26 hectares in area, 700 metres long, and 500 metres wide. In the early 18th century, it was called Kalasaari translated as Sloping Island from Finnish

Matveev A.M., (between 1701 and 1704-1739), Artist

MATVEEV Andrey Matveevich (between 1701 and 1704-1739, St. Petersburg) artist. He was the first Russian artist to ever receive a western European art education

Mechnikov I.I., (1845-1916), physiologist

MECHNIKOV Ilya Ilyich (1845-1916), embryologist, microbiologist and pathologist, Associate (1902) and Honourary Doctor (1883) of the St. Petersburg Academy of Science. Graduated from the University of Kharkov in 1864

Mechnikov Medical Academy

MECHNIKOV MEDICAL ACADEMY, St. Petersburg State Medical Academy situated at 47 Piskarevsky Avenue. It originates from the Psychoneurological Institute with a faculty of medicine reorganised into the State Institute of Medical Knowledge in 1920 and

Menagerie (an ensemble of the Alexander Park)

The oldest part of the park, founded as the Menagerie, occupied more than a half of the Alexander Park territory. The area for the Menagerie has been chosen as early as 1710
Source: Tsarskoe Selo

Menageries (entry)

MENAGERIES. 1) In the beginning of the 18th century - hunting areas in the appendages of tsar's property. In 1718 a menagerie like that was established in Sarskaya farmstead (see Tsarskoe Selo)

Menshikov A.D. (1672/73-1729), governor general

MENSHIKOV Alexander Danilovich (1672 or 1673-1729), count (1702), Serene High Prince of Izhora (1707), a statesman and a military leader, Generalissimo (1727). Once a friend of the young Tsar Peter the Great's, later becoming his closest associate

Menshikov Palace

MENSHIKOV PALACE (15 Universitetskaya Embankment), an architectural monument of late Peter's Baroque, the largest stone building of the first half of the 18th century in St. Petersburg. The building was constructed in 1710-1727 (architects D.M

Merchants

MERCHANTS, a social group forming a part of the St. Petersburg population, individuals engaged in trade and industrial activities. In the first half of the 18th century merchants came in among the "planted people

Metochions (entry)

METOCHIONS of monasteries and eparchies of the Russian Orthodox Church. In 1715, by order of Tsar Peter the Great, the metochions of St. Sergius Trinity Monastery (from 1744

Mikhailovka, manor

MIKHAILOVKA (Mikhailovskoe), a manor (summer residence) on the Peterhof Road, situated east of Znamenka. In the early 18th century, A.S. Menshikov's summer residence Favorite was situated in this area

Mikhailovsky Castle

MIKHAILOVSKY CASTLE (since 1823, Engineer's Castle) (2 Sadovaya Street), a Neoclassical architectural monument. It was constructed in 1797-1801 (architects V.I. Bazhenov, V. F

Miracle-Working and Revered Icons (entry)

MIRACLE-WORKING AND REVERED ICONS. The most famous Miracle-Working icon of Our Lady of Kazan — the copy of the 16th century of the lost Miracle-Working icon of the same name, can now be seen in the Kazan Cathedral

Mon Plaisir Palace (Peterhof)

MON PLAISIR (from French meaning "my pleasure"), a palace in the Lower park of Peterhof - a single-storied brick Holland House, joined with the help of glazed galleries with its side wings (1714-1723, architect I.F. Braunstein, J.B. Le Blond, N

Monumental Propoganda Plan (monuments)

MONUMENTAL PROPAGANDA PLAN was ratified on 12 April 1918 by the Council of People's Commissars decree on the "removal of monuments, erected in honour of tsars and their servants and the elaboration of monuments of Russian Socialist Revolution" (On

Morskoy Canal

MORSKOY CANAL (the Naval Canal) was constructed along shallow waters of Neva Bay between Gutuyevsky and Kanonersky Islands in 1874-85. The Canal has materially changed the islands' shape

Moskovsky Railway Station

MOSKOVSKY RAILWAY STATION (in 1855-1924 Nikolaevsky Railway Station) (located at 2 Vosstaniya Square), was built in 1844-51 by architect K.A. Ton. A commemorative plaque in his memory appears on the facade

Munnich B. K. (1683-1767), Engineer, Governor General 1728-34

MUNNICH Christofor Antonovich (Burchard Kristoff) (1683-1767, St. Petersburg), Count (1728), statesman and military figure, General Field Marshal (1732). He was German by birth, came to Russian service in 1721

Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography

MUSEUM OF ANTHROPOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY (Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography) of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Kunstkammer) (MAE) (3 University Embankment)

Museum of City Sculpture

MUSEUM OF CITY SCULPTURE, State Museum of City Sculpture (STCS) (179/2 Nevsky Prospect) was organised in 1939 with the aim to keep records, provide protection and carry out restoration of major monuments

Museums (general article)

MUSEUMS. Russia's first public museums appeared in St. Petersburg. In 1702 Peter the Great issued first orders on collecting and exhibiting high-quality models and various rarities

Nartov A.K. (1693 -1756), mechanic

NARTOV Andrey Konstantinovich (1693-1756, St. Petersburg), mechanic. Worked at the Moscow Mint for the artillery department. In 1712, he settled in St. Petersburg, becoming Tsar Peter the Great's private lathe operator

Naryshkin Family

NARYSHKIN FAMILY, a noble family, known since the 15th century, came to prominence after the marriage of Tsar Alexey Mikhailovich and Natalia Kirillovna Naryshkina, mother of Peter the Great, in 1671

Naval Cadet Corps

NAVAL CADET CORPS, naval educational institution for training of fleet officers. Started as the School of Navigation and Marine Sciences founded by Peter the Great in Moscow in 1701

Naval monuments

NAVAL MONUMENTS. St. Petersburg is the cradle of the Russian Navy, which explains the large number of monuments related to the history and eminent naval figures, beginning with its founder Peter the Great. The Boat House in St

Necropolis of the18th Century

NECROPOLIS OF THE 18TH CENTURY (before 1939, the Lazarevskoe Cemetery), memorial necropolis, part of the City Sculpture Museum (from 1932) on the territory of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Its square takes up 0.7 hectares

Neoclassicism

NEOCLASSICISM (from the Latin сlassicus - exemplary), the style in art and architecture, based on the cult of reason and ideal order, the antique heritage being its source

Neva Battle (1240)

NEVA BATTLE (1240) is the name for the battle between Swedish forces and Russian retinue on the Neva River on 15 July 1240. The Swedes tried to capture the mouth of the Neva, Great Novgorod and Russia's only access to the Baltic Sea

Newspapers (entry)

NEWSPAPERS, russian gazeta from Italian gazzetta - small coin. The first periodical, that appeared in St. Petersburg was the Vedomosti (11 May 1711; previously it was published in Moscow; until 1719 in St. Petersburg and Moscow; from 1719 only in St

Nikitin I.N., (circa 1690-1742), Artist

NIKITIN Ivan Nikitich (c. 1690-1742) artist, one of the founders of secular painting in Russia. In 1711, he was sent from Moscow to St. Petersburg as a master of the Armoury. In 1716-20, he was sent to study in Italy by order of Peter the Great

Nyenschantz

NYENSCHANTZ (the Swedish name for a fortification on the Neva; called Kantsy in Russian). A Swedish fortress and the town Nyen on the cape at the confluence of the Okhta River and the Neva River

Opening of the Neva River for Navigation

OPENING OF THE NEVA RIVER FOR NAVIGATION, an official holiday from the beginning of the 18th - beginning of the 20th century, celebrating the Neva's clearing from ice and the beginning of the Neva Shipping

Panin Family

PANIN FAMILY, a noble family, counts since 1767, known since the 16th century. Ivan Vasilievich Panin (1673-1736) and his cousin, Alexey Ivanovich Panin (1675-1762), Captain of the Semenovsky Life Guards Regiment

Paradiz

PARADIZ (from French рaradis - "paradise"), an unofficial name, Tsar Peter the Great used for St. Petersburg in his correspondence with members of the family and friends starting from 1705. Reference: Письма и бумаги императора Петра Великого

Patronage of Art (entry)

PATRONAGE OF ART is disinterested financial and other forms of participation in the culture, science, and assistance to figures of science and culture. The beginning for patronage of art in St

Peter I the Great (1672 - 1725), the Tsar (from 1682), the Emperor (from 1721).

Peter I the Great (1672–1725, SPb), the Tsar (from 1682), the Emperor (from 1721). He was a son of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich in the second marriage (to N. К. Naryshkina)

Peter II (1715-1730), Emperor

Peter II (1715-1730), Emperor (from 1727). Grandson of Emperor Peter the Great, son of Tsarevich Alexey Petrovich. He took the crown thanks to the interests of A.D

Peter III (1728-1762), the Emperor

PETER III (1728-1762, Ropsha, St. Petersburg Province), Emperor (from 1761). Born Prince (from 1739, Duke) Karl Peter Ulrich von Holstein-Gottorp. Grandson of Emperor Peter the Great

Peter The Great Clinical Hospital

PETER THE GREAT CLINICAL HOSPITAL (47 Piskarevsky Avenue), general hospital under federal administration. The decision to build the hospital in honour of the 200th anniversary of the city was adopted in 1903

Peter the Great, Monuments to (entry)

PETER THE GREAT, MONUMENTS TO. Monument projects to Peter the Great in the capital founded by him appeared during his lifetime (particularly by N. Pinot, B. Tarsia). In 1716-20, B

Petergofskaya Road

PETERGOFSKAYA ROAD (Petergofskaya Pershpektiva), name of Narvskaya Road between St. Petersburg and Peterhof in the 18th century. The road ran along the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland in place of the present-day Staro-Petergofsky Avenue

Peterhof, palace and park ensemble

PETERHOF, the palace and park ensemble in Petrodvorets. Until 1917, remained a summer imperial residence on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland. The construction of Peterhof started in 1709 at the command of Tsar Peter the Great

Petrodvorets, town

PETRODVORETS (until 1944 Peterhof), a town, centre of the Petrodvoretsky District, 28 kilometres southwest of Saint Petersburg; a harbour on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland; name of a railway station (Novy Peterhof)

Petrogradskaya Side

PETROGRADSKAYA SIDE (in the 18th century - Gorodskaya Side, until 1914 - Peterburgskaya Side), the joint name of the territory that includes the following islands: Petrogradsky, Aptekarsky, Petrovsky and Zayachy

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