Rastrelli F.B., (1700-1771), architect

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RASTRELLI, Francesco de (Varfolomey Varfolomeevich) (1700-1771), architect, designer (decorative artist) and graphic artist, one of the most prominent architects of the Baroque epoch. The son of B.Rastrelli. In 1716-25, he worked in St. Petersburg, afterwards completed studies in France; in 1730-63, commissioned to serve at the Russian court, from 1732, as Chief Architect. Following Rastrelli"s projects and under his supervision the construction of Imperial residences with extensive outbuilding complexes began in the capital and its suburbs: summer palaces of Empresses Anna Ioannovna (1730, not intact) and Elizaveta Petrovna (1742-47, not intact), the Winter Palaces: Third (1732-36), Provisionary (1755) and Fourth, existing today (see Winter Palace), and a monastery at the site of Smolny Court (1748-57, not completed). Country Grand Palaces were radically rebuilt and extended by Rastrelli, the Peterhof Palace (1746-55) and Tsarskoe Selo Palace (1752-56), which due to his efforts were finally recognised as unique palace and garden ensembles. In Tsarskoe Selo he erected the Garden pavilion (Grotto, 1749-61), rebuilt the Hermitage (1748-53) and the Hunter"s pavilions (around 1754, not intact). In St. Petersburg, he built Prince D. I. Kantemir’s mansion (1720-24, totally rebuilt), Vorontsov Palace, Stroganov Palace, Putevoy (Foot) Palace "at Srednaya Rogatka" (1751-54, not intact). Rastrelli"s works are notable for their vivid originality, boldness of compositional techniques, which is especially apparent in church architecture. Indirect influence of the masters of South German Baroque, French Rococo, during the early period of the "construction activities of Peter the Great"s St. Petersburg epoch" (V.Y. Kurbatov) and Moscow architecture of the late 17th century are conceptualized and embodied by the master in his own unique manner, known as Rastrelli"s style. A monument to Rastrelli was erected in Pushkin (sculptor М.Т. Litovchenko).

Reference: Курбатов В. Я. Значение графа Бартоломео Растрелли в истории русского зодчества // Зодчий. 1907. № 45. С. 461-463; № 47. С. 477-483; Павлуцкий Г. Творчество Растрелли в области церковного зодчества // Искусство, живопись, графика, худож. печать. 1912. № 1/2. С. 15-29; Денисов Ю. М., Петров А. Н. Зодчий Растрелли: Материалы к изучению творчества. Л., 1963; Франческо Бартоломео Растрелли: Архит. проекты из собр. Гос. музея истории С.-Петербурга: Каталог. СПб., 2000.

A. V. Burdyalo. Kantemir Dmitry Konstantinovich
Litovchenko Maria Timofeevna
Rastrelli Bartolomeo Carlo de
Rastrelli Francesco de
Петров А. Н., Денисов Ю. М. Зодчий Растрелли: Материалы к изучению творчества. Л., 1963
Павлуцкий Г. Творчество Растрелли в области церковного зодчества // Искусство, живопись, графика, худож. печать, 1912
Франческо Бартоломео Растрелли: Архит. проекты из собр. Гос. музея истории С.-Петербурга: Кат. СПб., 2000
Курбатов В. Я. Значение гр. Бартоломео Растрелли в истории русского зодчества // Зодчий, 1907
Курбатов В. Я. Значение гр. Бартоломео Растрелли в истории русского зодчества // Зодчий, 1907 Winter Palaces
Winter Palace
Catherine Palace (Town of Pushkin)
Stroganov Palace
1745
1752
1754
1968