Milyukov P.N. (1859-1943), statesman, historian

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MILYUKOV Pavel Nikolaevich (1859-1943), statesman, historian, essayist, honorary doctor of Cambridge University (1916). He graduated from the Faculty of History and Philology of Moscow University in 1882. From 1886, he was a private tutor there. In 1895, he was dismissed on political grounds, deprived of his right to teach and exiled to Ryazan, then abroad for two years. In 1899, he settled in St. Petersburg, was arrested for a speech given in memory of P.L. Lavrov at the Mining Institute in December, 1900, and spent six months in the House of Preliminary Detention, and then imprisoned in Kresty prison, released in 1902. From 1902 to1905, he stayed abroad being one of the leaders of Russian Liberal movement. In April 1905, he returned to St. Petersburg. Until 1917, he lived at 8 Ertelev Lane (today Chekhova Street), then at 60 Basseinaya Street (today Nekrasova Street). In May-August 1905, he was president of the Union's Union and was a founding member and leader of the Constitutional Democratic Party, which formed in autumn of that year. From 1906, he was a co-editor and author of the progressive articles for Rech newspaper. From 1907, he was the president of the Central Committee of the party. In 1907-17, he was a deputy of the Third and Fourth State Duma representing Cadet party. In 1915-17, he was the leader of oppositional Progressive Coalition, and was critical of the government's actions, a refrain from his speech in the State Duma delivered on 1 November 1916 consisted of "What is it - folly or treason?" was very popular before the February Revolution of 1917. In March-April 1917, was minister of Foreign Affairs in the Provisional Government. After October 1917, he participated in the White Movement. From 1920, he lived in Paris, was the chief editor of Poslednie Novosti newspaper from 1921 until 1940. With the start of the Great Patriotic War (1941-45), he came out in support of the USSR. He wrote works on 18th and 19th century Russian history, Russian historiography, Russian culture, essays on the history of February Revolution of 1917 and his memoirs (Recollections. 1859-1917, vol. 1-2, Moscow, 1990).

References: Думова Н. Г. Либерал в России: трагедия несовместимости. Ист. портрет П. Н. Милюкова: В 3 ч. М., 1993. Ч. 1; П. Н. Милюков: историк, политик, дипломат: Материалы междунар. науч. конф. М., 2000.

A. G. Kalmykov. Lavrov Peter Lavrovich
Milyukov Pavel Nikolaevich
Chekhova St./Saint Petersburg, city, house 8
Nekrasova St./Saint Petersburg, city, house 60
Думова Н. Г. Либерал в России: трагедия несовместимости: Ист. портр. П. Н. Милюкова: В 3 ч. М., 1993
П. Н. Милюков: историк, политик, дипломат: Материалы междунар. науч. конф. М., 2000 Plekhanov State Mining Institute, St. Petersburg
House of Preliminary Detention, prison
Kresty Prison.
Rech (The Speech), newspaper
State Duma
February Revolution of 1917
Provisional Government of 1917