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Beggrow C. P. (1799-1875), Artist

BEGGROW Carl Petrovich (1799 - 1875, St. Petersburg) lithographer and artist. He is a father of A. C. Beggrow. Studied at the Academy of Arts under M. N. Vorobyev (1818-21; a member of the Academy from 1832)

Bekhterev Psycho-neurological Research Institute, The St. Petersburg

BEKHTEREV PSYCHO-NEUROLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, St. Petersburg, located at 3 Bekhtereva Street, was established in 1907 and opened in 1908 by V. M. Bekhterev as a scientific research and educational institution: two initial courses consisted of

Belinskogo Street

BELINSKOGO STREET, until 1923 - Simeonovskaya Street, between Fontanka River Embankment and Liteiny Avenue. The street was so named after V. G. Belinsky. The previous name was in honour of SS Simon and Anna Church situated at number 6. Architect G

Bely Andrey (1880-1934), writer

BELY Andrey (real name and family name Boris Nikolaevich Bugaev) (1880-1934), writer. He graduated from the Natural Sciences Department of Physics and Mathematics Faculty of Moscow University (1903)

Benois L.N. (1856-1928), architect

Benois Leonty (Ludovik) Nikolaevich (1856, Peterhof -1928, Leningrad), architect, full State Advisor (1905), an honourable cultural figure (1927). The son of N. L. Benois, a brother of Albert N. Benois and А. N. Benois

Berg L.S., (1876-1950), biologist and geographer

BERG Lev Semenovich (1876-1950, Leningrad), geographer, biologist, Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1946). Graduated from Moscow University in 1898. In 1904-13, worked at the Zoological Museum of the Academy of Sciences in St

Bestuzhev's Courses

BESTUZHEV'S COURSES, St. Petersburg Higher Women’s (Bestuzhev's) Courses, the first ever Russian institution of higher education for women. Opened in 1878 on the initiative of A. N. Beketov, N. V. Stasova, M. V. Trubnikov and A. P. Filosofova

Betskoy I.I. (1704-1795), statesman and teacher

BETSKOY (Betsky) Ivan Ivanovich (1703 or 1704-1795, St. Petersburg), statesman and public figure, actual privy counsellor (1766). He was the illegitimate son of General Field Marshal Prince I.Y. Trubetskoy

Biblioteka Dlya Chteniya (The Reader's Library), journal

BIBLIOTEKA DLYA CHTENIYA (The Reader's Library), a news, fashion, science, philological and arts journal. Appeared monthly from 1834-65 (in 1865 eight editions came out). The journal was founded by А. F. Smirdin (publisher until 1849) and O. I

Birzhevoy Bridge

BIRZHEVOY BRIDGE (Stock Market Bridge) (1922-89 Builders Bridge), across the source of the Malaya Neva River, joining Stock Market Square (hence the name) with Mytninskaya Embankment

Blok A.A. (1880-1921), poet

BLOK Alexander Alexanderovich (1880, St. Petersburg - 1921, Petrograd), poet. He was born in the house of his grandfather A.N. Beketov (9 Universitetskaya Embankment, the Rector's Building; memorial plaque)

Board of Decency

BOARD OF DECENCY, the main provincial (before 1871) and city police institution. It was created in 1782 in the course of the reform of police instead of the Main Police Office

Bogoslovskoe Cemetery

BOGOSLOVSKOE CEMETERY (2 Laboratornaya Street) is situated in the north-east of the city, between Mechnikov Avenue and Finlyandskaya Railway Line. Today, its area consists of about 40 hectares

Bolshoy Avenue of Petrogradskaya Side

BOLSHOY AVENUE OF PETROGRADSKAYA SIDE, in the 18th century - Bolshaya Road, Bolshaya Garnizonnaya Road, Bolshaya Ofitserskaya Street, in 1919-44 - K. Libknekhta Avenue. It lies between Dobrolyubova Avenue and Karpovka River Embankment

Bolshoy Avenue of Vasilievsky Island

BOLSHOY AVENUE OF VASILIEVSKY ISLAND, in 1720s-1780s - Bolshaya Prospektivaya or Bolshaya Pershpektivaya Street, in 1918-22 - F. Adlera Avenue, in 1922-44 - Proletarskoy Pobedy Avenue

Bolshoy Dom

BOLSHOY DOM (Big House)(4 Liteiny Avenue), the name Leningraders gave to the administrative building where the bodies of Joint State Political Administration Board (OGPU), People's Commissariat of Home Affairs

Bolshoy Gostiny Dvor

BOLSHOY GOSTINY DVOR (35 Nevsky Prospect), the largest commercial enterprise of St. Petersburg. The first plan for a Gostiny Dvor (effectively, a large scale trading market) on Nevsky Prospect was developed in the late 1750s by the architect A

Bombings of 1941-44

BOMBINGS OF 1941-44. Raids by the German Luftwaffe against Leningrad, meant to destroy industrial, military and civilian targets during the Siege of 1941-44. The first air raid on the city occurred on 23 June 1941; in the period from 6 September

Bonstedt L.L. (1822-1885), architect

BONSTEDT Lyubim Lyubimovich (Ludvig) (1822, St. Petersburg - 1885), architect, academy member (1846), professor of the Academy of Fine Arts (1858), court counsellor. He was a subject of the Kingdom of Bavaria

Book Trade (entry)

BOOK TRADE. State, institutional and private book trading has been carried out in St. Petersburg since the first years of its existence. The first official bookshop belonged to the St

Borodinskaya Street

BORODINSKAYA STREET between Fontanka River Embankment and Zagorodny Avenue. It was laid through the land owned by St. Petersburg Bourgeois Society. Development of the area started in the early 20th century

Bosse Y.A. (1812-1894), architect

BOSSE Garald Andreevich (Garald Ernestovich, Garald Yulius) (1812-1894), architect and graphic artist. Born into Baltic Germans' family, studied in Darmschtadt. Since 1831, resided in St. Petersburg, working as a draftsman in the studio of A. P

Botanic Garden

BOTANIC GARDEN (2 Professora Popova Street) originates from the Apothecary Garden (established by order of Tsar Peter the Great). Its overall area was 22.9 ha including 2.5 ha of conservatories and buildings, 16

Botkin Memorial Hospital For Infectious Diseases

BOTKIN MEMORIAL HOSPITAL FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES, city hospital number 30 (3/4 Mirgorodskaya Street) founded on the initiative Professor Y.P. Chudnovsky in 1882 as the Alexandrovskaya Municipal Barracks Hospital with 300 beds

Botkin S. P., (1832-1889), doctor

BOTKIN Sergey Petrovich (1832-1889), doctor, public figure, Doctor of Medicine (1860), Secret Councillor (1877). He graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of Moscow University (1855)

Breaking of the Siege (1943)

BREAKING OF THE SIEGE 1943, 12 - 30 January, an offensive operation, code named "Iskra" (Sparkle), along the Leningrad and Volkhov fronts by Baltic Fleet forces in the region of the Schlisselburg-Sinyavino heights

Brenna V.F. (1745-1819), architect

BRENNA Vikenty Franzevich (1745-1819 or 1820?), architect, decorative artist, a representative of Neoclassicism. Native of Italy. Prior to his coming to Russia, he worked in Rome and Warsaw

Breweries

BREWERIES, intensively developing enterprises, making up a significant share of St. Petersburg industry. It was in the early 18th century that Peter the Great decreed to open breweries in St. Petersburg for the needs of the fleet and hospitals

"Brick Style"

"BRICK STYLE". The term used in Russian art-historical literature for a so-called rational trend in architecture from the second half of the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries

Brick Works

BRICK WORKS. In the early 19th century, brick was imported to St. Petersburg by sea via Lubeck or produced by specially invited Dutch masters. The first Russian brick manufacturer, according to M.I