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The subject index / Rimsky-Korsakov Conservatory

Rimsky-Korsakov Conservatory


Categories / Science. Education/Educational Institutions

RIMSKY-KORSAKOV CONSERVATORY (3 Teatralnaya Square), the oldest Russian higher school of music. The Conservatory was founded in 1861-62 by the Russian Musical Society on the initiative of A.G. Rubinstein (President of the Conservatory in 1862-67 and 1887-91) as the School of Music incorporating the earlier existing Classes of Music, founded in 1860. Rubenstein began work on establishing a music educational institution that along with the Academy of Arts would provide people of various society strata an opportunity to learn to become a freelance artist. Following the example of European conservatories, the Russian Conservatory was comprised of a secondary school and a higher educational establishment. It took a student ten years to graduate with a degree in music according to the regulations of 1887, with a six year programme in the preliminary school and four years in the higher school. The first charter of the Music School (renamed Conservatory in 1866) was approved in October 1861. The programme objective of the school was “to provide training in music in every field,” including voice, piano performance and performance on all the music instruments of the orchestra, composition, orchestration, and theory and history of music. Apart from the chosen major, the student also studied “choir singing, piano, and history and aesthetics of music". The opening of the Conservatory and the first several years of instruction were financed by private donations, revenue from charity concerts and subsidies of His Imperial Majesty's Own Chancellery, later on the expenses were covered by tuition fees and the annual government grant in the amount of 15,000 roubles. The initial teaching staff of the Conservatory included celebrated musicians: Rubinstein (piano, instrumentation, orchestra class), Polish composer and virtuoso violinist H. Wieniawski (violin, 1862-78), Polish virtuoso pianist T.Leszeticki (piano, 1862-78), Italian opera singer G. Nissen-Saloman (1862-79), Professor of Berlin Conservatory N. I. Zaremba (piano and theory of composition; President in 1867-71), violoncellist K.Y. Davydov (violoncello, history of music, chamber ensemble, choir, 1862-87, President since 1876). The first student who graduated from the Conservatory with honours was P.I. Tchaikovsky (1865). In 1867, students under the guidance of Rubinstein presented the first opera performance - Orpheus by C.W. Gluck. In the 1870s, two schools of worldwide importance became firmly established in the Conservatory: Rimsky-Korsakov school of composition (1871-1908; the school was named after him in 1944) and Auer school of violin performance (1868-1917). The outstanding pedagogues of the pre-revolutionary period included professors C.F. Everardi (singing, 1870-88), A.K. Lyadov (theory classes and composition, 1878-1914), pianist S.I. Menter (1884-87) and A.N. Esipova (1893-1914), violoncellist A.V. Verzhbilovich (1882-1911, with breaks), organist L.F. Gomilius (1874-1908), and historian of music, author of the first Russian textbook on this subject, L. A. Saccheti (1878-1916). A.K. Glazunov (President in 1905-28) was also a prominent figure in the history of the Conservatory. In the 1880s, the number of classes was increased, and the curriculum was divided into the performance emphasis, including ensemble, choir, theory of music, harmony, polyphony, theoretical and practical composition, solfeggio, score studies, conducting, history of music, theatre, musical aesthetics, opera stage production (in 1888-1915, director and singer J.I. Palecek headed this course) and the science emphasis that corresponded partially to the gymnasium curriculum. Seminars for pianists and singers were conducted regularly. Best graduates were offered a position on staff of the Conservatory. Besides Lyadov, Glazunov, Verzhbilovich and Esipova, pianists V.I. Safonov, F.M. Blumenfeld, composer M.O. Steinberg and other graduates became professors of the Conservatory. Over the first 50 years, the Conservatory graduated over 2,000 musicians; famous graduates included composers S.S. Prokofiev, N.Y. Myaskovsky, A.S. Arensky, A.T. Grechaninov, N.N. Cherepnin, M.F. Gnesin, and B.V. Asafyev. The Conservatory was turned into a free state educational institution in 1918 and remained a free-of-charge state school to this day. The Conservatory established a Music School (later - Rimsky-Korsakov Music School) in 1934, and a specialised music high school in 1936. Today the Conservatory encompasses the Faculty of History and Theory, the Faculty of Composition, the Faculty of Conducting, the Orchestra Faculty, the Piano and Organ Faculty, and the Faculty of Musical Theatre, the Graduate School (since 1923), and the Assistantship Programme (since 1968). The Conservatory manages its own Opera and Ballet Theatre (since 1923), has a unique music library and book depositories, the archival depository holding manuscripts of great musicians and a museum. After Glazunov's departure, Presidents P.A. Serebryakov (1961-77) and V.A. Chernushenko (1979-2002) made an outstanding contribution to the development of the Conservatory. S.P. Roldugin was appointed President of the Conservatory in 2003. During the Soviet epoch, the Conservatory not only preserved the traditions established in the time of Rubinstein, Rimsky-Korsakov and Glazunov, but grew significantly and discovered new areas in the field of music education. The music culture of present-day St. Petersburg can serve as conclusive evidence to this fact. The schools of St. Petersburg Conservatory including the school of composition, the school of conduction, the school of voice, and schools of violin and piano performance are among the leading schools in their respective areas in the world. The graduates and pedagogues of the Conservatory included D.D. Shostakovich, G.V. Sviridov, M.V. Yudina, V.V. Sofronitsky, I.A. Braudo, I.V. Ershov, S.P. Preobrazhenskaya, B.L. Gutnikov, M.I. Weiman, E.A. Mravinsky, and I.A. Musin. In 1862-66, the music school was housed in the wing of the Demidovs House, at the corner of Demidova Lane (today Grivtsova Lane) and Moika River Embankment (on the site of the present-day building No. 1/64), in 1866-69 - at 24 Zagorodny Avenue (now the site is occupied by the former apartment house of Merchant A.V. Dekhterinsky, № 26). In 1869-96, the Conservatory occupied a part of the building of the Ministry of Internal Affairs at 3 Teatralnaya Street (today Zodchego Rossi Street). In 1891-96, a building made according the design of architect V.V. Nicolas was constructed for the Conservatory on Teatralanaya Square, where it replaced the Kamenny (Stone) Theatre. The new building has a Grand Hall housing its Opera Theatre and Glazunov Maly Hall with the organ.

References: Из истории Ленинградской консерватории: Материалы и док., 1862-1917. Л., 1964; Ленинградская консерватория в воспоминаниях: В 2 кн. 2-е изд. Л., 1987-1988; Петровская И. Ф. Музыкальное образование и музыкальные общественные организации в Петербурге, 1801-1917 гг.: Энцикл. СПб., 1999. С. 118-133; Санкт-Петербургская консерватория: Док. и материалы из фондов Б-ки и Музея. СПб., 2002. Т. 1.

A. L. Porfiryeva.

Persons
Arensky Anton Stepanovich
Asafyev Boris Vladimirovich
Auer Leopold
Blumenfeld Felix Mikhailovich
Braudo Isaya Alexandrovich
Cherepnin Nikolay Nikolaevich
Chernushenko Vladislav Alexandrovich
Davydov Karl Yulievich
Dekhterinsky A.V.
Ershov Ivan Vasilievich
Esipova (Esipova-Leshetitskaya) Anna Nikolaevna
Everardi Camillo
Glazunov Alexander Konstantinovich
Gluck Christoph Willibald
Gnesin Mikhail Fabianovich
Gomilius L.F.
Grechaninov Alexander Tikhonovich
Gutnikov Boris Lvovich
Leshetitsky Teodor (Fedor Osipovich)
Lyadov Anatoly Konstantinovich
Menter Sophie I.
Mravinsky Evgeny Alexandrovich
Musin Ilya Alexandrovich
Myaskovsky Nikolay Yakovlevich
Nicolas Vladimir Vladimirovich
Nissen-Saloman Genrietta
Palecek Josef (Osip Osipovich)
Preobrazhenskaya Sofia Petrovna
Prokofiev Sergey Sergeevich
Rimsky-Korsakov Nikolay Andreevich
Roldugin Sergey Pavlovich
Rubinstein Anton Grigorievich
Saccheti Lavrenty Antonovich
Safonov Vasily Ilyich
Serebryakov Pavel Alexeevich
Shostakovich Dmitry Dmitrievich
Sofronitsky Vladimir Vladimirovich
Steinberg Maximilian Oseevich
Sviridov Georgy Vasilievich
Tchaikovsky Peter Ilyich
the Demidovs
Verzhbilovich Alexander Valerianovich
Weiman Mikhail Emirovich
Wieniawski Henryk
Yudina Maria Veniaminovna
Zaremba Nikolay Ivanovich

Addresses
Grivtsova Lane/Saint Petersburg, city, house 1
Moika River Embankment/Saint Petersburg, city, house 64
Teatralnaya Square/Saint Petersburg, city, house 3
Zagorodny Avenue/Saint Petersburg, city, house 24
Zagorodny Avenue/Saint Petersburg, city, house 26
Zodchego Rossi Street/Saint Petersburg, city, house 3

Bibliographies
Из истории Ленинградской консерватории: Материалы и док., 1862-1917. Л., 1964
Ленинградская консерватория в воспоминаниях: В 2 кн. 2-е изд. Л., 1987-1988
Петровская И. Ф. Музыкальное образование и музыкальные общественные организации в Петербурге, 1801-1917 гг.: Энцикл. СПб., 1999
Санкт-Петербургская консерватория: Документы и материалы из фондов Б-ки и Музея. СПб., 2002

The subject Index
Musical Society, The Russian
Academy of Arts
Rimsky-Korsakov Conservatory
State Opera and Ballet Theatre of the St. Petersburg Conservatory

Chronograph
1862


Admiralteisky District

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Andreeva-Delmas L.A. (1884-1969), singer

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Auer L. (1845-1930), violinist

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Bernstam Leopold-Bernhard (1859-1939), sculptor

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Central St. Petersburg State Historical Archive

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Concert Halls (entry)

CONCERT HALLS appeared in St. Petersburg in the late 18th century. Earlier, musicians arranged paid concerts in palaces of grandees, theatres, and taverns. The first documented series of public concerts refers to the concerts given by G

Davidov А.А. (1867-1942), entrepreneur

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Davydov K.Y., (1838-1889), musician

DAVYDOV Karl Yulievich (1838-1889), violoncellist, pedagogue, conductor, composer. Graduated from Moscow University with the rank of Candidate of Mathematical Sciences (1858). Learned to play the violoncello under K.Y. Schubert and others

Davydov V.N., (1849-1925), actor

DAVYDOV Vladimir Nikolaevich (real name Ivan Nikolaevich Gorelov) (1849-1925), actor, pedagogue, People's Artist of the Respublic (1922). In 1866, he graduated from a gymnasium in Tambov

Dyagilev S.P., (1872-1929), worker of theatre and arts

DYAGILEV Sergey Pavlovich (1872-1929), theatrical and artistic figure, publisher and critic. He lived in St. Petersbrug from 1890. Graduated from Petersburg University with a major in law in 1896

Elena Pavlovna (1806/1807-1873), Grand Princess

ELENA PAVLOVNA (nee Frederica Charlotte Maria Princess of Wurttemberg) (1806-1873, St. Petersburg), Grand Princess, wife of Grand Prince Mikhail Pavlovich (from 1823)

Eliasberg K.I., (1907-1978), conductor

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English Church of Jesus Christ

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Ershov I.V., (1867-1943), singer

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Evenings of Contemporary Music, musical society

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Evreinov N.N., (1879-1953), director

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Figner N.N., (1857-1918), singer

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FROM THE AVANT-GARDE TO TODAY, an international art festival held annually each spring since 1991, organised by Saint Petersburg City Hall Committee of Culture, the Mariinsky Theatre, D. D. Shostakovich Philharmonic, the Music and Modernity fund

Gavrilin V.A. (1939-1999), composer

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Glazunov A.K., (1865-1936), composer

GLAZUNOV Alexander Konstantinovich (1865 - 1936, St. Petersburg), composer, conductor, pedagogue, public figure, People's Artist of the Republic (1922). Comes from the Glazunov family. From 1879, he studied composition and music theory under N.A

Grivtsova Lane

GRIVTSOVA LANE, running from the Moyka River Embankment to Sennaya Square. Starting in 1739, the lane was known as Malaya Sarskaya Street. From the 1770s to 1871, the section extending to the Ekaterininsky Canal was called Konny Lane

Italian Opera

ITALIAN OPERA existed in St. Petersburg in 1733-1914 (intermittently) in two guises: as Italian musical theatre with performances in Italian and as proper Italian operas performed by Russian companies in Russian (from 1781 up to the present moment)

Kaplan E.I. (1895-1961), stage director

KAPLAN Emmanuil Iosifovich (1895, St. Petersburg - 1961, Leningrad), singer (tenor), stage director, teacher. Graduated from the Architecture Department of the Academy of Arts (1925)

Kastorsky V.I., (1871-1948), singer

KASTORSKY Vladimir Ivanovich (1871 - 1948, Leningrad), opera singer (bass), chamber signer, and teacher, awarded an honoured artist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in 1934 and honoured art worker of the Russian Soviet Federative

Kovaleva G.V. (1932-1995), singer

KOVALEVA Galina Vasilievna (1932-1995, Saint Petersburg), opera singer (coloratura soprano), People's Artist of the USSR (1974). Graduated from the Saratov Sobinov Conservatory under O.N

Kschessinska M.F., (1872-1971), ballet dancer

KSCHESSINSKA Mathilde (Maria) Felixovna (1872, Ligovo, near St. Petersburg - 1971), ballet dancer and teacher. A student of C. I. Ioganson, she graduated from the Theatre School in 1890 to be immediately admitted into the Mariinsky Theatre

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Lopukhov F.V., (1886-1973), choreographer

LOPUKHOV Fedor Vasilievich (1886, St. Petersburg - 1973, Leningrad), ballet dancer, choreographer, and teacher, people's artist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1956). A student of N. G

Lourie A.S. (1892-1966), composer

LOURIE Artur Sergeevich (Arthur Vinzent) (1892-1966), composer, pianist, musical writer. Studied at the St. Petersburg Conservatory under A.K. Glazunov. In the early 1910s he became close with N.I

Lyadov А.K., (1855-1914), composer

LYADOV Anatoly Konstantinovich (1855, St. Petersburg - 1914), composer, conductor, teacher, and musician. A son of K. N. Lyadov (1820-71), conductor, violinist, and bandmaster of the Russian Imperial Opera Company in 1860-69

Meyerhold V.E., (1874-1940), director

MEYERHOLD Vsevolod Emilievich (Karl Kazimir Teodor Meiergold, before Orthodox christening in 1895) (1874-1940), director, actor, pedagogue, theatre worker, People's Artist of the Republic (1923)

Moika, river

MOIKA (the original name Mya; known as Muya until the early 18th century, derived from the Izhora word for "slush, mire"), a river in the Neva river delta. The Moika River is 4.67 kilometres long, with a width of up to 40 metres

Mravinsky Е.А., (1903-1988), conductor

MRAVINSKY Evgeny Alexandrovich (1903 - 1988, Leningrad), conductor, people's artist of the USSR (1954) and Hero of Socialist Labour (1973). A student of the Second Gymnasium, Petersburg University, and Academic Chapel

Musical Drama Theatre

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Musical Schools and Colleges (entry)

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Musical Society, The Russian

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Mussorgsky М.P., (1839-1881), composer

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Orlenev Pavel Nikolaevich (1869-1932), actor

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Ossovsky А.V., (1871-1957), music theorist

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Palecek О.O., (1842-1915), singer

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Philharmonic named after D.D. Shostakovich

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Preobrazhenskaya S.P., (1904-1966), singer

PREOBRAZHENSKAYA Sofia Petrovna (1904, St. Petersburg - 1966, Leningrad), opera singer (mezzo-soprano), People's Artist of the USSR (1955). Graduated from Ershov and Zaytseva School of Music in 1928

Prokofiev S.S., (1891-1953), composer

PROKOFIEV Sergey Sergeevich (1891-1953), composer, pianist, director, People's Artist of Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1947). He lived in St. Petersburg (Petrograd) between 1904 and 1918

Pumpyansky L.V. (1891-1940), literary critic

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Rimsky-Korsakov N.A., (1844-1908), composer

RIMSKY-KORSAKOV Nikolay Andreevich (1844-1908, Lyubensk summer residence near Luga in the St. Petersburg Region), composer, pedagogue, director, musical public figure

Rubinstein A.G., (1829-1894), composer

RUBINSTEIN Anton Grigorievich (1829-1894, Peterhof), pianist, composer, director, pedagogue, public figure. Became famous at the age of 12 over his first Europe tour in 1840-43

Samoylov V.V., (1813-1887), actor

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Shelest A.Y., (1919-1998), ballerina

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Shostakovich D.D., (1906-1975), composer

SHOSTAKOVICH Dmitry Dmitrievich (1906, St. Petersburg. - 1975), composer, pianist, pedagogue, People's Artist of the USSR (1954), Hero of Socialist Labor (1966). Honorary Doctor of Oxford (1958) and of many other foreign universities and academies

Sofronitsky V.V., (1901-1961), pianist

SOFRONITSKY Vladimir Vladimirovich (1901 - 1961, St. Petersburg), pianist, Honoured Worker of Art of the RSFSR (1942). From 1910 he studied under A. Mikhailovsky in Warsaw, and in 1914-21 under L.V. Nikolaev in the Petersburg Conservatory

Sollertinsky I.I., (1902-1944), art historian

SOLLERTINSKY Ivan Ivanovich (1902-1944), critic, scholar and teacher. He graduated from the Institute for Art History in 1923 and Romance and Germanic Languages Department of Leningrad State University in 1924

Solovyev-Sedoy V.P., (1907-1979), composer

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Stravinsky F.I., (1843-1902), singer

STRAVINSKY Fedor Ignatievich (1843-1902, St. Petersburg), opera singer (bass). Father of I.F. Stravinsky. In 1869-73 he studied at the Petersburg Conservatory under P. Repeto, E. Viardo, G. Nissen-Saloman, and C. Everardi

Strzhelchik V.I., (1921-1995), actor

STRZHELCHIK Vladislav Ignatievich (1921, Petrograd - 1995, St. Petersburg), actor, People"s Artist of the USSR (1974), Hero of Socialist Labour (1988). In 1938-47, he studied at the school-studio of the Bolshoy Drama Theatre under B.A

Sviridov G.V., (1915-1998), composer

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Tchaikovsky P.I., (1840-1893), composer

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Teatralnaya Square

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Tenishev V. N. (1843-1903), entrepreneur

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The House of L.V. Tepper de Fergusson

A dwelling house with mezzanine was built at the border of the 18th and 19th centuries during the reign of Emperor Paul I. The most probably that the author of the project was P.V
Source: Tsarskoe Selo

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Viardot-Garcia P. (1821-1910), singer

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Yudina M.V. (1899-1970), pianist

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